Chemists use this grams to moles calculator to convert the mass of a substance (measured in grams) to its corresponding amount in moles.
This conversion is fundamental in chemical calculations and is widely used by students, researchers, and professionals in the field of chemistry.
The primary function of a Grams to Moles Calculator is to:
- Input the mass of the substance in grams
- Input the molecular weight of the substance
- Calculate the number of moles based on these inputs
Grams to Moles Calculator
Let’s use a range of common chemicals and different masses to check the versatility of the Grams to Moles Calculator.
| Substance | Chemical Formula | Molecular Weight (g/mol) | Mass (g) | Moles (mol) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | H₂O | 18.015 | 10.0 | 0.5551 |
| Sodium Chloride | NaCl | 58.44 | 25.0 | 0.4278 |
| Glucose | C₆H₁₂O₆ | 180.156 | 50.0 | 0.2775 |
| Carbon Dioxide | CO₂ | 44.009 | 15.0 | 0.3409 |
| Sulfuric Acid | H₂SO₄ | 98.079 | 30.0 | 0.3059 |
| Ethanol | C₂H₅OH | 46.069 | 5.0 | 0.1085 |
| Calcium Carbonate | CaCO₃ | 100.087 | 40.0 | 0.3997 |
| Acetic Acid | CH₃COOH | 60.052 | 12.0 | 0.1998 |
| Ammonia | NH₃ | 17.031 | 8.0 | 0.4697 |
| Copper Sulfate | CuSO₄ | 159.609 | 35.0 | 0.2193 |
To calculate each value in the “Moles” column, I used the formula:
number of moles = mass in grams ÷ molecular weight
For example, for water:
- Mass = 10.0 g
- Molecular Weight = 18.015 g/mol
- Moles = 10.0 g ÷ 18.015 g/mol = 0.5551 mol
- The same mass of different substances yields different numbers of moles. For instance, 10 g of water (0.5551 mol) is a very different amount in moles compared to 10 g of glucose (which would be about 0.0555 mol).
- The molecular weight plays a crucial role in the calculation. Substances with higher molecular weights (like glucose or copper sulfate) yield fewer moles for the same mass compared to substances with lower molecular weights (like water or ammonia).
- The calculator can handle a wide range of substances, from simple molecules like water to more complex compounds like calcium carbonate or copper sulfate.
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Grams to Moles Calculation Formula
The formula for converting grams to moles is straightforward but requires knowledge of the substance’s molecular weight.
The basic grams to moles formula is:
number of moles = mass in grams ÷ molecular weight
Or, expressed mathematically:
n = m ÷ MW
Where:
- n is the number of moles
- m is the mass in grams
- MW is the molecular weight in grams per mole (g/mol)
To use this formula effectively, you need to:
- Know the mass of your substance in grams
- Determine the molecular weight of the substance
- Divide the mass by the molecular weight
The molecular weight is the sum of the atomic weights of all atoms in a molecule.
For example, the molecular weight of water (H₂O) is approximately 18.015 g/mol, calculated by adding the atomic weights of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
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How many grams are in a mole?
The number of grams in one mole of a substance depends entirely on the molecular weight of that substance.
This relationship is at the core of the mole concept in chemistry.
One mole is defined as the amount of substance containing exactly 6.02214076 × 10²³ elementary entities. This number is known as Avogadro’s constant.
The mass of one mole of a substance in grams is numerically equal to its molecular weight in g/mol.
For example:
- One mole of carbon-12 atoms has a mass of exactly 12 grams
- One mole of water (H₂O) has a mass of approximately 18.015 grams
- One mole of sodium chloride (NaCl) has a mass of approximately 58.44 grams
This relationship between moles and grams is why the molecular weight is so crucial in chemical calculations. It allows chemists to convert between mass and number of particles easily.
To Show:
- If you have 12 grams of carbon-12, you have 1 mole of carbon atoms
- If you have 18.015 grams of water, you have 1 mole of water molecules
- If you have 58.44 grams of sodium chloride, you have 1 mole of NaCl formula units
Understanding this relationship is key to mastering stoichiometry and other aspects of quantitative chemistry.
3.45 G to Moles
To convert 3.45 grams to moles, we need to know the molecular weight of the substance in question. Let’s consider a few examples to do the process.
- For water (H₂O):
- Molecular weight of H₂O ≈ 18.015 g/mol
- Number of moles = 3.45 g ÷ 18.015 g/mol
- Number of moles ≈ 0.1915 mol
- For sodium chloride (NaCl):
- Molecular weight of NaCl ≈ 58.44 g/mol
- Number of moles = 3.45 g ÷ 58.44 g/mol
- Number of moles ≈ 0.0590 mol
- For glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆):
- Molecular weight of C₆H₁₂O₆ ≈ 180.156 g/mol
- Number of moles = 3.45 g ÷ 180.156 g/mol
- Number of moles ≈ 0.0192 mol
26.0 G To Moles
- For oxygen gas (O₂):
- Molecular weight of O₂ ≈ 31.998 g/mol
- Number of moles = 26.0 g ÷ 31.998 g/mol
- Number of moles ≈ 0.8125 mol
- For carbon dioxide (CO₂):
- Molecular weight of CO₂ ≈ 44.009 g/mol
- Number of moles = 26.0 g ÷ 44.009 g/mol
- Number of moles ≈ 0.5908 mol
- For sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄):
- Molecular weight of H₂SO₄ ≈ 98.079 g/mol
- Number of moles = 26.0 g ÷ 98.079 g/mol
- Number of moles ≈ 0.2651 mol
